Optical performance automotive lenses

How it works
Optical imaging: Automotive lenses, like the lens of the human eye, are responsible for focusing light. After the external light enters the lens, it is refracted and concentrated on the image sensor to form an optical image. Different types of lenses, such as wide-angle lenses, telephoto lenses, etc., have different focal lengths and viewing angles to meet the needs of the car for the field of view in various scenarios.
Photoelectric conversion: The image sensor converts the optical image after the lens is focused into an electrical signal, and the current automotive camera mainly uses two types of image sensors: CCD (charge-coupled device) and CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) (complementary metal oxide semiconductor). After the electrical signal is amplified, analog-to-digital conversion, etc., it is converted into a digital signal, which is the final image data seen.

Application scenarios
Forward-looking: The forward-facing camera is generally installed behind the windshield and is used to detect the road conditions ahead, such as identifying traffic signs, lane markings, vehicles and pedestrians in front, etc., and providing image data for auxiliary driving functions such as adaptive cruise, lane line departure warning, and pedestrian and vehicle collision warning.
Surround view: The 360° surround view system consists of multiple high-dynamic-range, high-resolution cameras distributed in the front, rear, and sides of the vehicle. The on-board lens collects image information in all directions, forms a bird's-eye view through the image stitching algorithm, and projects it onto the central control of the car to help the driver understand the all-round situation around the vehicle, which is an important technical basis for functions such as autonomous parking and one-button start of the vehicle.
Rearview: When reversing, the rearview camera starts, the light behind the rear of the car enters the camera through the lens, and the image is transmitted to the display system in the car, usually the central control screen, and some rearview cameras also have the function of reversing trajectory guidance to assist the driver to complete the reversing operation more accurately.
Side view: Installed on both sides of the vehicle rearview mirror or body side, used to monitor the traffic conditions on the side and rear of the vehicle, and provide blind spot monitoring information for the driver when changing lanes, overtaking and other operations, to avoid collision accidents.
Interior view: Includes driver condition monitoring (DSM) cameras and in-vehicle monitoring (OMS) cameras. The DSM camera captures the driver's facial parameters to determine whether the driver is distracted, fatigued, etc.; OMS cameras are used to detect the co-driver, rear occupants, and leftovers.